术语
a new 3D transistor structure first implemented in the early 2010s to better control transistor operation as transistors’ size shrank to nanometric-scale 一种新的3D（三维）晶体管结构，首次在21世纪前十年的早期实施。晶体管在尺寸缩小到纳米级后需要这种结构实现更好的性能
（2010年代早期，第2个10年）
引言
Armchair strategists theorize about China’s “Malacca Dilemma” 坐在椅子上的战略家们对中国的“马六甲困境”进行了理论分析
（空想、夸夸其谈）
because hard-charging managers relentlessly drove down their cost 是因为强硬的管理者们极力降低成本
（努力进取的）
第2节
Adding phosphorous or antimony to semiconducting materials like silicon or germanium, for example, lets a negative current flow.硅或锗等半导体材料添加磷或硼后就可以导电。
（锑）
第5节
After graduating from MIT, where he’d overlapped with Bob Noyce, Lathrop had worked at a U.S. government lab 莱思罗普从麻省理工学院毕业后，与罗伯特·诺伊斯共事过。他曾在美国政府实验室工作
（在麻省理工读书，不是工作）
Soon Lathrop discovered he could print “wires,” too, by adding an ultra-thin layer of aluminum to connect the germanium with an external power source.很快，莱思罗普发现他也可以通过添加一层超薄的铝，将锗与外部电源连接起来，从而印出“电线”
（关系颠倒，印出电线去连接）
第6节
Noyce had experienced government-directed R&D while fresh out of graduate school when he worked for Philco, an East Coast radio manufacturer with a big defense unit诺伊斯刚从研究生院毕业时，曾在东海岸无线电制造商飞歌（Philco）工作，那里拥有一支庞大的国防团队。
（经历了政府主导的研发，漏译，不像是删减）
第8节
Soviet exchange students in the U.S. reported learning little from lectures by William Shockley that they couldn’t have studied in Moscow.在美国的苏联交换生报告说，他们从威廉·肖克利的讲座中学到的东西很少，很遗憾没能在莫斯科学习。
（没学到什么在莫斯科学不到的东西）
第9节
Sony excelled by identifying new markets and targeting them with impressive products using Silicon Valley’s newest circuitry technology.索尼利用硅谷最新的电路技术识别新市场，并以令人印象深刻的产品瞄准新市场，表现出色
（擅长发现新市场，并利用硅谷最新技术，以出色的产品瞄准新市场）
Nevertheless, U.S. chip firms like Fairchild continued to dominate the cutting edge of chip production, such as its business related to corporate mainframe computers.比如与企业主流计算机相关的业务。
（术语：大型机）
第11节
enabling it to be quickly deployed on every type of airplane, embraced by each military service, and quickly adopted by U.S. allies, too.使其能够快速部署在每种类型的飞机上，能被每种军事服务接受，并能迅速被美国盟友采用
（每个军种）
He added a small set of wings that could direct the bomb’s flight as it fell from the sky. Finally, he installed a simple laser-guidance system that would control the wings他为炸弹增加了一组小翅膀，当炸弹从空中坠落时，小翅膀可以引导炸弹飞行。最后，他安装了一个简单的激光制导系统来控制机翼。
（都是小翅膀，不是机翼）
第14节
Working with Jimmy Carter’s secretary of defense, Harold Brown, Perry and Marshall pushed the Pentagon to invest heavily in new technologies:哈罗德·布朗（Harold Brown）、佩里、马歇尔与吉米·卡特（Jimmy Carter）的国防部合作
（与卡特政府的国防部长哈罗德·布朗合作）
第17节
It didn’t take a rocket scientist—and GCA had a handful on staff—to figure out that after the boom of the early 1980s, a downturn would eventually follow 即使不需要设计火箭的高明科学家，GCA也有少数工作人员清楚在20世纪80年代初的繁荣之后，经济衰退最终会随之而来
（无需火箭科学家（GCA恰好有几位火箭科学家）也能明白XX）
“He would use unbelievable four-letter words,” one subordinate remembered 一位下属回忆道：“他会使用令人难以置信的四个字母的单词。”
（脏话）
第20节
He parlayed this fame, enhanced by derogatory diatribes against foreigners, into a parliamentary seat as a member of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party. 作为当时执政党自由民主党的一员，石原慎太郎利用这一名声，通过对外国人的贬损性诽谤，赢得了议会席位。
（关系颠倒：赢得席位，成为XX一员）
Soon-to-be-prime-minister Kiichi Miyazawa publicly noted that 日本首相宫泽喜一不久后公开表示，
（即将上任首相）
It didn’t take a far-right provocateur like Ishihara to recognize this; 像石原慎太郎这样的极右翼挑衅者没有意识到这一点
（不需要XXX{说出来}就能认识到这一点）
“High Tech Is Foreign Policy,” Brown titled the article.布朗在文章中写道：“高科技是外交政策。”
（文章标题）
第23节
“Whatever we did, Samsung did,” Parkinson remembered, seeing the cash infusion that Samsung provided as “not crucial, but close” in helping Micron survive
漏译
第24节
The companies like Intel and Micron that survived did so less thanks to their engineering skills—though these were important
漏译
（施乐）where the concept of the personal computer with a mouse and a keyboard was just then being invented.
漏译
created a new industry—software tools for semiconductor design—that had never previously existed. 为半导体设计创造了前所未有的新行业软件工具。
（创造了一个前所未有的新行业，即用于半导体设计的软件工具）
Radios had been transmitting wirelessly for decades, but the demands for wireless communication were growing
漏译
第25节
They hadn’t expected to pick up advanced chips in their haul.
漏译
the USSR produced replicas of Intel and Motorola chips like clockwork. They were always half a decade behind 发现苏联生产了英特尔和摩托罗拉芯片的复制品，这些产品像钟表一样准确。苏联总是落后五年
（很有规律地复制）
第26节
This wasn’t a message likely to win Ogarkov any friends in the West, but that was likely of little consequence to him
漏译
第27节
A communications tower, a military command post, air force headquarters, power stations, and Saddam Hussein’s country retreat 美国的首轮空袭目标是伊拉克的通信塔、军事指挥所、空军总部、发电站和国家避难所
（萨达姆的乡间别墅）
第28节
America’s arm’s-length capital markets hadn’t felt like an advantage in the 1980s,20世纪80年代，美国的资本市场并不具有优势
（与日本补贴相比，美国相对公平的资本市场）
Like a broken record, he published The Asia That Can Say No in 1994 followed by The Japan That Can Say No Again several years later.1994年，他出版了《亚洲可以说“不”》。几年后，他又出版了《日本可以再次说“不”》
（像坏唱片一样喋喋不休）
第30节删得亲妈都不认识
第31节
By the end of the 2000s SMIC was only a couple years behind the world’s technology leaders.到20世纪末，中芯国际仅落后于世界技术领先企业几年。
(21世纪00年代末，多处译错)
第32节
It was flush with cash and as committed as ever to Moore’s Law.
漏译
Producing chips at this scale, most researchers believed, required more precise lithography tools to shoot light at photoresist chemicals and carve shapes on silicon.
漏译
第33节
Intel’s computer processor oligopoly was too profitable to justify thinking about niche markets.
漏译
（英特尔的计算机处理器垄断太有利可图，没理由考虑小众市场）
They wanted to pay a certain price,” Otellini told journalist Alexis Madrigal after the fact, “and not a nickel more 苹果想付出一定的代价，但不会超过一分钱
（不会多给一份钱）
Since the late 1980s, Intel has made a quarter trillion dollars in profit, even before adjusting for inflation 自20世纪80年代末以来，甚至在调整通胀因素之前，英特尔已经实现了25万亿美元的利润
（2500亿美元）
第34节
As a Jewish refugee from Nazi and Soviet armies, Grove was no nativist. 作为前纳粹和苏联军队的犹太难民，格鲁夫不是本土主义者。
（逃离XX）
In the early 2010s, Intel retained the world’s most advanced semiconductor process technology 21世纪前十年早期，英特尔保留了世界上最先进的半导体工艺技术
（21世纪10年代，第2个10年，多处译错）
第36节
Microsoft Office introduced an animated, paperclip called Clippy that sat at the side of the screen and dispensed advice 微软Office推出了一款形似回形针的小助手Clippy，位于电脑屏幕的一边。
（漏译：提供建议）
It’s hard enough simply to design top-notch chips, as Nvidia did. 像英伟达那样，简单地设计顶级芯片就足够困难了。
（仅仅）
Field-programmable gate arrays, chips that can be programmed for different uses, were pioneered by companies like Xilinx and Altera, both of which relied on outsourced manufacturing from their earliest days 现场可编程门阵列芯片是由赛灵思（Xilinx）和阿尔特拉（Altera）等公司率先开发的，这些公司最初就依赖于代工。
（漏译：可针对不同用途进行编程的芯片）
第37节
called a FinFET (pronounced finfet), that sets the two ends of the circuit and the channel of semiconductor material that connects them on top of a block, looking like a fin protruding from a whale’s back. …overcoming the electricity leakage that was threatening the performance of new generations of tiny transistors. 称为FinFET，它看起来像鲸鱼背部突出的鳍。……以克服漏电现象。
（漏译：它将电路的两端和连接它们的半导体材料通道放置在一个块的顶部……影响新一代微型晶体管性能）
The financial implications of this were profound.
（漏译：这带来了深远的财务影响）
第40节
Enable light waves measuring 193nm to pattern shapes a fraction of the size. 使193纳米的光波能够形成尺寸的一小部分
（绘制尺寸小得多的形状）
第41节
Intel stuck stubbornly to its integrated model—combining semiconductor design and manufacturing in one company — which executives there thought was still the best way to churn out chips. 英特尔固执地坚持将半导体设计和制造结合在一起的集成模式。
（漏译：高管们认为这仍然是生产芯片的最佳途径）
Compared to making PC and data center chips — which remained highly profitable businesses — the new foundry venture had little internal support. 与制造个人电脑和数据中心芯片相比，新的代工业务几乎没有得到内部支持。
（漏译：仍然是高利润业务）
The bureaucracy was stultifying.
（漏译：官僚主义在阻碍公司的发展）
第43节
When it comes to core intellectual property, the building blocks of transistor patterns from which many chips are designed, China’s market share is 2 percent; 在核心知识产权方面，中国大陆的市场份额为2%
（漏译：即很多芯片设计的晶体管图案构件）
So as early as 2014, Beijing had decided to double down on semiconductor subsidies 因此，早在2014年，中国就决定成倍削减半导体补贴
（逆天了，double down是增加）
SMIC reported revenue of just a couple billion dollars per year throughout the 2010s 中芯国际报告称，2010年全年的年收入仅为20亿美元
（2010年代的每年）
第45节
If you carry your gun up the mountain, you just don’t know if there’s game there 如果你带着枪上山，你不知道那里有没有戏，你也许会抓住一只鹿
（game猎物）
第47节
so that 1s and 0s can be slotted in even the tiniest free space in the wireless spectrum 这样，即使在无线频谱中最小的空闲空间中，1和0也可以被区分
（slot：放入）
Medical devices and sensors will track and diagnose more conditions. 医疗设备和传感器将跟踪和诊断更多情况。
（Condition疾病）
第49节
instead choosing to parrot platitudes about free trade and open competition 而选择简单模仿关于自由贸易和开放竞争的陈词滥调。
（重复XX）
Both companies sold competing telecom equipment; 这两家公司都销售有竞争力的电信设备
（competing相互竞争的，Competitive有竞争力）
and feared that state-supported Chinese competitors would grab market share at their expense. 并担心美国支持的中国竞争对手会通过牺牲其利益来攫取市场份额。
（美国支持的？中国啊）
第51节
it was impossible “for the United States to ‘out-innovate’ China and then deny them the fruits of that innovation 美国不可能在创新方面‘排除’中国，然后剥夺其创新的成果
（超越）
第53节
Yet outside China, all the world’s advanced chip fabs are in countries that are U.S. allies or close friends 但世界上所有先进的芯片厂都位于美国的“亲密盟友”所在的国家和地区，而不在中国大陆
（在中国以外，所有XX）
All the major chipmaking equipment companies, from Applied Materials to Tokyo Electron, have opened offices in the city. 从应用材料到东京电子，所有主要的芯片制造设备公司都在东京开设了办事处。
（平泽市，韩国三星啊）
结论
A facility to fabricate the most advanced logic chips costs twice as much as an aircraft carrier but will only be cutting-edge for a couple of years. 制造最先进逻辑芯片的工艺设备成本是航空母舰的两倍，而且还需要数年时间才能达到尖端水平。
（但只能领先几年而已）
For all the talk of Moore’s Law ending, there’s more money than ever before flowing into the chip industry 尽管所有关于摩尔定律的讨论都结束了，但流入芯片行业的资金比以往任何时候都多
（尽管人们都在讨论摩尔定律终结了）
其他比如Windows/视窗，Specialized特别、专业，foundry代工、制造，Process工艺、流程、过程，Integration集成、整合、融合、一体化，乱用。长句不分解。